morgan



(No Model.)

A. R. MORGAN & G. L. MORRISON.

Fire Place Heater.

No. 234,921. Patented Nov. 30.1880.

4 ETERS. Pn oro-l IYNOGRAPHEH. WASHINGTONV D c.

UNITED STATES Price.

FATENT ALONZO R. MORGAN, OF NEW YORK, AND GARDNER L. MORRISON, OF

BROOKLYN, ASSIGNORS TO THE OPEN STOVE VENTILATING GOM- PANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FlRE-PLACEHEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,921, dated November 30, 1880,

Application filed August 18, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, ALoNzo R. MORGAN and GARDNER L. MORRISON, of New York and Brooklyn, respectively, State of N ewYork, have invented new and useful Improvements in Fire-Place Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

The principal part of the invention is an improvement upon the invention of Wm. L. Phillips, patented January 13, 1874, reissued January 12,1875, and the improvement thereon patented by A.R. Morgan, December17, i878; and it relates, mainly, to the reverberatory or expanding chamber interposed between the firebox and the smoke-flue and inclosed by the surroundingjacket. It is designed to et't'ecta better and more compact arrangement of the reverberatory or expansion chamber in relation to the tire-box and inclosing-j acket, to constitute a portable furnace or fire-place heater alike applicable to fit in an ordinary fire-place of an open coal-grate, or to set out in the room like a stove, and while being more compact, simpler, and cheaper, and requiring less room than as before arranged, yet not being correspondingly diminished in the capacities of its partst hat is to say, by the improved arrangement of the parts within the limited space of the fire-place and in conformity or adaptation to said space as well as to each other, the space is utilized better, so that while the size of the heater is reduced as a whole, so as to be more readily located and fitted into the limited space of a tire-place, the fire box and expansionchamber are both more capacious than they could be in the other arrangement of the same size as a whole.

This part of the invention also comprises an arrangement of a regulating-valve in connection with a deflecting-plate in the expansionchamber, by which there is contrived avariable throat within the chamber similar in op eration and effect to that of the top of the fire-place of an ordinary coal-grate, but, owing to its location within the chamber and beyond the top of the fire-box, giving much better results; and it also comprises an arrangement, with the open front or top plate through which the heated air escapes into the room, of a damper located within the jacket behind the said open plate, by which to admit the hot air (N0 model.)

into the room or cause it to ascend to the room above.

Another part of the invention consists of the said inclosiug-jacket itself, incased with non-conductin g material adapted and arranged to retain the heat within the jacket and prevent the absorption of the large amount of heat by the surrounding brick walls now wasted in them.

Figure l is a sectional elevation of our improved heater taken from front to back. Fig. 2is a horizontal section on line 00 x of Fig. l.

A represents the fire-box; B, the reverberatory or expansion chamber, and O the inclosing-jacket surrounding the same, except the front opening of the tire-place, for causingair entering at any suitable opening or openings,- D, at or near the bottom to circulate against and around the walls of the fire-box and expansion-chamber, for being heated on its passage into the room through openings at the front E at the top of the jacket 0, or into upper rooms through flue cl, to which suitable openings in the top of jacket 0 will admit it when required. To locate this expansionchamber wholly on the lop of the fire-box, as in the arrangement of Phillips, before referred to, makes the heater too high to enter the fireplace under the arch E and ordinary mantelopening. To project it wholly backward from the top of the fire-box with a connection extending therefrom into the side of the chamber, as in the arrangement of Morgan, makes too much depth from front to back.

Now, we propose to construct the chamber B in the same dimensions and form at the opening into it as the top of the firebox, (see Fig. 2,) and attach or join it directly thereto at or about the place of the joint F, and shape it so as to curve upward, backward, and downward behind and below the top of the firebox, as shown in Fig. 1; also, to expand laterally, as shown in Fig. 2, by its lateral sides I, to utilize all of the available space at the top, sides, and back, and also as much of the space left by the forward slope of the upper part of the back G of the tire-box as is consistent with a suitable distance between back G and bottom or back plate, H, of the chamber B, for circulation of the fresh air to be heated, this being effected by giving the same, or about the same, slope to plate H as that of plate G, the two being parallel, or thereabout, below the turn of the top of plate H, where it joins the top of the fire-box and makes a bridge, H, between said fire-box and thelower portion ofthe chamber. The plate I of the chamber B, which forms the front, top, and back of said chamber, curves from the front to the top, then projects a suitable distance back, and then drops vertically in a line but little in rear of the greatest back projection of the fire-box.

The connection of the chamber B with the tire-box by thejoint F is directly at the point of the greatest forward projection of the back Grand where the contraction between said back and front G is greatest, and the expansion of the chamber begins directly above this point, extending in the lateral upward, backward, and downward direction shown, whereby it is evident that much is gained in the way of contraction of the whole without corresponding diminution of the fire-box and expansionchamber.

The joint I need not necessarily be at the point where the chamber B begins, for the plates of the tire-box may be so extended in, or about in, the lines of the plates H and I, also the sides I of the chamber, as to extend the joint farther up or over the top, if desired; but the expansion should begin at the said point by such formation of the plates of the tire-box when so extended to locate the joint farther up.

The collar J,for the connection of the smokepipe K, is preferably fixed a little back of the top of chamber 13, with a short pipe-section, L, going obliquely through the jacket to receive the smoke-pipe, as shown, so that in titting a heater into a fire-place, the pipe K being temporarily fixed in its place, the collar or section L may be pushed into it at the same time that the heater is shoved into its position in the fireplace; out the collar may be arranged to connect with a straight upright pipe, if preferred.

To deflect the escaping products of combustion in the expansion-chamber and retard their escape to favor their expansion and increase their action upon the walls of the expansion-chamber, the deflecting plate M is attached to the top of the chamber in advance of the passage \V, for the escape to the smokepipe, and so as to turn them down into the part of the chamber behind the fire-box; and for the regulation andcontrol of the draft we have located the damper N at the bridge H, formed by thejunction of back plate, H, with the top of the fire-box back plate G, over which the products of combustion pass into the lower part of the chamber, and so as to work to and from the lower edge of this deflecting-plate, whereby the effect is much better than when located at the top of the back of the fire-box to work in connection with the front, as is usual in tire-places, because all the advantages of that part of the expansionchambcr in front of the damper are secured to the gases retained or retarded by it, whereas they would escape more rapidly and directly through the chamber if the damper were lo cated in the usual place.

The rod X is employed to work and hold the damper, and the arrangement is such that when wide open the damper falls onto plate H and allows free passage into the lower part ofthe chamber for the products of combustion.

The openings at E through the front for the escape of the heated air from the inclosingjacket G into the room are separated or partitioned off from the rest of the space in the jacket by the plate a, which contains a register of pivoted fans or wings I), to shut off the air from going through openings E, and cause it to ascend the tlue d to rooms above, when required. The handlef, projecting out through a slot in the front, is used to work the register.

By employing this kind of damper or register instead of the common slide in the front plate we have larger openings for the escape of the hot air, because the slide can only open half the area, while this opens nearly the whole, and by locating it in the partition behind the front plate the unsightly fans are properly concealed.

.g represents the non-conducting material such as asbestus, paper, or felting, or other equivalent material-and a thin retaining sheet of metal with which we inclose the jacket to prevent the escape of heat into the walls of the fire-place, which is a source of great loss to other fire-place heaters. We apply this non-conductingjacket to all heaters intended for being set up in tire-places, when making them as part of their construction, so that the purchasers will obtain them already prepared to put in place.

By this attachment we save a large percentage of heat heretofore lost by absorption into the walls of the fire-place, where it is wholly wasted.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, i's- 1. The combination, with the fire-box A of an open-front stove or heater and a jacket, '0, thereto, of the reverberatory chamber B, constructed and arranged as herelnbefore described-that is, being connected at and coinciding in form with the top and contracted portion of the fire-box, expanding laterally, rearwardly, and vertically therefrom, one portion or plate of the shell extending from the point of its connection with the back of the tire-box down along and parallel with the forward slope of said back, and another portion or plate arching from the point of its connection with the front of the tire-box rearward beyond the aforesaid part, connecting with the back of the fire-box, and then extending downwardly parallel with and in near proximity to the back of the jacket to the point, or thereabout, of connection with said other part.

2. The combination, with the fire-box A and the expansion or reverberatory chamber B, having the deflecting-plate M projecting from the top in front of the smoke-passage, of the damper N, located at the bridge between the top of the fire-box and the lower part of said chamber and under the deflecting-plate, substantially asset forth.

3. The combination, with open-front fire-box A, jacket O, and reverberatory chamber 13, of the partition a and Wing or fan registers 11 in said partition, separating the open portion E of the front plate from the space Within said jacket 0, wherein the air is heated, substan- ALONZO R. MORGAN. GARDNER L. MORRISON.

Witnesses A. P. THAYER, W. J. MORGAN. 

